Guide | 2.2 – Narrative Structure

2.2 Narrative Structure

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In This Section
A great way to outline your essay if you want to show your skills, qualities, and values through a challenge you’ve faced and worked through

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Read Time
~5 min


In case you skipped ahead to this section, remember that structure is how you organize your story moments or events (i.e., all the parts of yourself you want to share) in your essay.

In this guide, we’re exploring two options:

Montage
Where you use a theme (aka topic) to show different parts of yourself.
Narrative
Where you describe a challenge or set of challenges you faced, what you did about them, and what you learned.

In the previous lesson, we talked about Montage Structure. Now let’s talk about Narrative.

How does Narrative Structure work?

A “narrative,” broadly speaking, is a story. The way I’m using it in this guide, however, is to describe a particular type of personal statement that involves relaying:

  • a challenge or set of challenges
  • what you’ve done about them, and
  • what you’ve learned about yourself that will help you contribute to a campus community

Important Note

You do not have to talk about challenges in your personal statement (no matter what you hear). The important thing for a great topic is the one that best helps you relate your skills, qualities, values, and interests.

But if you decide you do want to describe a challenge you’ve overcome, here’s what that might look like as a story.

Narrative Structure Outline

  1. I was born with profound deafness and cochlear implants, which led to constant management, constant self-consciousness
  2. On top of that, I was shy. I sat in the back, stayed silent when teachers forgot my microphone, and it felt unfair.
  3. Ballet was my escape, but it wasn’t enough.
  4. I decided to lean into my deafness instead of hiding from it through internships, independent study, and a leadership program for teens like me.
  5. There I realized that my environment had been supportive all along and I was the one holding me back.
  6. I started advocating for myself through new activities, meeting new people, and raising my hand in class.
  7. Now I’m a yearbook editor, a freshman mentor, and someone who sees her hearing loss as a gift.

 
Example Essay

The “Hearing Loss” Essay

Narrative, challenges-based

Student Essay

My eyes flutter open and I see blinding lights. I feel an overwhelming nausea, grab the bucket next to me and throw up. I lay my head down in exhaustion and feel a cast around my head. I had just gotten surgery on my left ear to have bilateral cochlear implants for profound deafness. This was the start of my journey.

I was the kid who had to spend hours after school rebuilding my speech and language skills with a speech therapist, the one who always wore my hair down so no one would notice the implants, the one at the swimming parties who would pretend I had to go to the bathroom just so no one would see me take them off. And every night I had to remember to charge my batteries, so I could hear the next day.

On top of all this, I was also shy. In school, I sat in the back of the class so no one would notice me. When my teachers forgot to turn on my microphone in class, I wouldn’t say anything because I was afraid to bring attention to myself. After school, I had to review my classmates’ notes because I couldn’t simultaneously write and hear everything the teacher said. I remember so strongly a feeling of unfairness that I was literally the only student in my school who had to deal with these issues.

There was one place where I was an equal and didn’t feel like I was constantly catching up: my ballet classes. There, I was more outgoing and didn’t constantly feel pressured to speak—dance was a language that didn’t require talking. Though dance became an escape, it still wasn’t enough to balance out my need to fit in.

In order to overcome my nearly constant frustration, I decided I needed to connect to my deafness. I started an internship with a speech pathologist and for the first time interacted with other people with hearing loss: kids of all ages, each with their own struggles. During junior year, I did an independent study and learned more about the effects of deafness on language development.

When I heard about Leadership Opportunities for Teens (LOFT), a program that promotes leadership skills and self-advocacy with teenagers like me, I joined. There, I had an epiphany. During a discussion with other participants from all over the country, several of them spoke of being bullied, and I realized for the first time how supportive my own academic environment had been. Whereas other students dealt with taunting and physical abuse, I was in a school with accommodating teachers and students who were curious about my experience. The only person who had been contributing to my shyness and fear was myself. And from my dance experiences, I knew I was capable of more.

Armed with my new knowledge of the science of deafness and a little hope, I began advocating for myself. Instead of feeling overwhelmed, I began to feel proud of my abilities to keep up with my hearing peers. Gradually, I found myself feeling more relaxed in school and empowered to try new things I had never done before, like running, volleyball, and cheer. I even began introducing myself to strangers. Now, as a senior, I find myself in leadership positions like yearbook editor and a freshmen mentor. And every time a teacher forgets to turn on the microphone, I raise my hand in front of the entire class and remind the teacher to please turn it on. And she does.

I’ve spent my whole life dealing with my hearing loss and the obstacles it threw in my path. Looking back at the moment where I woke up from surgery, I don’t think of the nauseating side effects; I see it as a blessing that gave me the gift to hear and a challenge to overcome obstacles that have made me braver.

Why this essay works well

  • This author chose an elastic topic that was stretchy enough to show a wide range of values she’ll bring to college, including: self-advocacy, resilience, gratitude, self-awareness, personal growth, leadership, compassion, openness, community-mindedness, and courage.
  • The topic of “finding your voice” is actually somewhat common… but her particular telling is uncommon in a few ways:
    • The sensory details: waking up from surgery, nausea, teachers forgetting microphones, etc.
    • The realization that she actually was already in a supportive environment
    • She spends much of the essay describing the steps she took to self-advocate (independent study, internship, advocacy in class), going to an uncommon length to get her needs met.
  • Admission nutrients she shows: intellectual curiosity, initiative, service to others, collaboration, consistent engagement
  • Roles and identities she shows: learner, dancer, researcher, self-advocate, athlete, mentor, emerging leader, and more
  • Insights: see “what she learned” below

And along the way she includes all the elements of a great Narrative, challenges-based essay, which we’ll cover in the next lesson.

The elements of her story

Challenges
Profound deafness, shyness
Effects
Hours in speech therapy, social withdrawal, extra physical work and emotional burden, and more
Feelings
Fear, isolation, frustration, sadness
Needs
Connection with others who shared her experience, understanding, confidence, self-advocacy skills, reassurance she wasn’t alone
What she did about it
Interned with a speech pathologist, connected with other kids with hearing loss, conducted an independent study on deafness and language, joined LOFT, learned leadership and advocacy, began speaking up in class, tried new activities (running, volleyball, cheer), took on leadership roles
What she learned / insights
Her environment was more supportive than she realized, she could overcome her own shyness, she was capable of more, advocating for herself is empowering, her deafness is a source of strength, the surgery was a blessing rather than a burden

Want to use Narrative structure? I’ll show you how in the next lesson.

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