Ideally, you’re spending as little of your own money as possible on college, and keeping the loans you take out close to zero.
To that end, if you have financial need, belong to a specific demographic group, or meet certain eligibility criteria, you likely qualify to receive grants for college.
Similar to scholarships, grants are a form of financial aid that you don’t have to repay, making them an excellent way to lower the cost of your education.
Typically, grants are awarded based on financial need rather than academic merit, though some grants may have additional requirements.
How do you apply for grants? Who is eligible? And with President Donald Trump proposing to dismantle the U.S. Department of Education, what does the future of federal grant funding look like?
We’ll break down all of that and more below, to help you know what you need to know about grants for college. We’ll also include a list of college grants so you can explore opportunities that match your background and needs.
Let’s dive in.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(click to skip ahead)What are grants for college?
Grants for college are funds awarded to students to help pay for their education without requiring repayment. You can receive grants from the federal government, state governments, colleges and universities, and private organizations. Most grants are need-based, though some may also consider factors like academic achievement, field of study, or personal background.
Here’s what makes grants different from other types of financial aid:
No repayment is required—Unlike loans, you don’t have to repay grants (except in rare cases, like if you withdraw from school early).
Primarily need-based—Most grants are awarded based on financial need rather than academic performance.
Government-funded options—The federal government is the largest provider of grants, with programs like the Pell Grant.
Resource: What is a Pell Grant?
Additional eligibility factors—Some grants target specific groups, like low-income students, single mothers, or students of color.
Application through FAFSA—Many grants require you to submit the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) to determine eligibility.
Resource: Guide to the FAFSA
Differences between grants and scholarships
Similarly to scholarships, grants provide free money for college that doesn’t need to be repaid. However, grants are typically awarded based on financial need, while scholarships are often based on merit, such as academic achievement, athletic ability, or other talents.
You're also more likely to write essays, submit recommendation letters, or complete additional application requirements when applying for scholarships.
Grants, on the other hand, are typically awarded automatically based on financial need, often determined by submitting the FAFSA.
You can and should apply for both grants and scholarships to maximize your financial aid package and reduce out-of-pocket costs.
Types of grants for college
Several categories of grants are available, each with different eligibility requirements and funding sources.
Need-based and merit-based grants
Need-based grants are awarded to students who demonstrate financial need, which is typically determined through the FAFSA. The most well-known need-based grant is the Pell Grant, which helps low-income students cover tuition and other costs. Other need-based grants include the Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant (FSEOG) and various state-specific grants.
Merit-based grants, while less common than need-based grants, reward students based on academic achievement, leadership, or specific talents. Some schools and organizations offer grants for high-achieving students, particularly in fields like STEM, teaching, or public service. These grants may still consider financial need but prioritize accomplishments.
Federal, state, institutional, and private grants
Federal grants, like the Pell Grant and FSEOG, are funded by the U.S. government and awarded through FAFSA. They are the most widely available.
State grants vary by location, with many states offering aid to residents attending in-state schools. Some focus on specific career paths, such as teaching or healthcare.
Institutional grants come directly from colleges and universities, often supplementing federal and state aid. They may be need-based or tied to the school's priorities.
Private grants are funded by nonprofits, corporations, and professional organizations. These grants often support students from underrepresented backgrounds or those pursuing specific careers. They often require separate applications, so researching options is key.
How to get grants for college
Securing grants for college requires research, preparation, and meeting eligibility requirements. Follow these steps to maximize your chances of receiving grant funding.
How to apply for college grants
Step 1 - Submit the FAFSA early
The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) is the first step to applying for most grants, including federal, state, and institutional aid. Fill it out as early as possible to maximize your chances of receiving funding.
Step 2 - Check state grant programs
Many states offer grants for residents attending in-state schools. Research your state's higher education website to find opportunities and application details.
Step 3 - Research institutional grants
Colleges and universities provide need-based grants to students who qualify. Check each school’s financial aid office website or contact them directly to learn about available grants.
Step 4 - Look for private grants
Organizations, foundations, and professional associations offer grants based on financial need, academic achievement, or specific career goals. Use websites like Fastweb or Scholarships.com to find grants for which you’re eligible.
Step 5 - Apply for multiple grants
Applying for multiple grants increases your chances of receiving financial aid, so explore all options and stay proactive in your search.
Step 6 - Write strong application essays (if required)
While federal grants don’t require application essays, private and institutional grants might. Follow instructions carefully and write compelling essays that highlight why you deserve the funding.
Step 7 - Meet deadlines
Some grants have strict deadlines, especially state and private grants. Keep track of due dates and submit applications early.
Step 8 - Maintain eligibility
Some grants require you to maintain a certain GPA, enroll full-time, or make satisfactory academic progress. Stay informed about renewal requirements.
Federal government grants for college?
The U.S. federal government offers grants to help students afford college, with eligibility often based on financial need.
Pell Grants
The Pell Grant is a need-based federal grant for undergraduate students who demonstrate financial need through the FAFSA. For the 2024-2025 school year, the maximum Pell Grant award is $7,395, but the amount you receive depends on your Expected Family Contribution (EFC), enrollment status, and the cost of attendance at your school.
Unlike loans, Pell Grants don’t need to be repaid, making them one of the best forms of financial aid. However, you can only receive Pell Grants for up to 12 semesters (about six years), and the amount may change yearly based on government funding.
Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant (FSEOG)
The FSEOG is a need-based federal grant awarded to undergraduate students with exceptional financial need. Unlike the Pell Grant, which is available to all who qualify, FSEOG funds are limited, meaning they are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis by participating colleges.
Grant amounts range from $100 to $4,000 per year, depending on financial need, the school’s funding availability, and when you apply.
Like Pell Grants, FSEOG does not need to be repaid. However, not all colleges participate in the program, and funds can run out quickly. Submit your FAFSA as early as possible to improve your chances of receiving FSEOG.
What students need to know about federal grant funding in 2025
With President Donald Trump proposing to dismantle the U.S. Department of Education, you may be wondering what this could mean for federal grants like Pell Grants and FSEOG.
While this uncertainty can feel overwhelming, it’s important to remember that financial aid isn’t going to completely disappear overnight.
Many states already have strong grant programs in place, and private organizations will continue to support students in need. If you rely on federal financial aid, staying proactive is key. Submit the FAFSA early, research state and private grants, and stay informed about potential policy shifts.
The road ahead may bring changes, but the commitment to making college accessible remains strong. You’re not alone in this, and resources will continue to be available to help you reach your goals.
State grants for college
Many states offer need-based and merit-based grants to residents attending in-state colleges. These grants are often awarded through the state’s higher education department, and eligibility is typically determined by submitting the FAFSA or a state-specific financial aid application.
For example, North Carolina offers the NC Need-Based Scholarship, which provides grants to students attending private colleges in the state. Award amounts vary based on financial need and enrollment status.
In Illinois, the Monetary Award Program (MAP Grant) helps low-income students pay tuition at eligible Illinois colleges and universities. Because funds are limited, it is essential to apply early.
Every state has different grant programs with unique eligibility requirements. Some target specific careers, like teaching or healthcare, while others focus on underrepresented student populations.
To find grants in your state, visit your state’s higher education website or check with your college’s financial aid office.
College grants for women
Women pursuing higher education have access to several grants that can help cover tuition, books, and other expenses. Many of these grants are for women returning to school, changing careers, or overcoming financial hardships.
For example, the Jeannette Rankin Women’s Scholarship Fund supports low-income women aged 35 and older pursuing an undergraduate degree or vocational training.
The P.E.O. Program for Continuing Education (PCE) Grant provides up to $4,000 for women whose education was interrupted and who need financial assistance to complete a degree or certification.
Additionally, the American Association of University Women (AAUW) Career Development Grants support women pursuing career advancement, particularly in nontraditional fields like STEM, education, and public service. These grants help cover tuition, fees, and supplies for undergraduate and graduate programs.
College grants for single mothers
Single mothers often face financial challenges while pursuing higher education, but several grants are specifically designed to help them succeed.
For example, the ECMC Foundation's Single Mother Student Success Initiative has committed $10 million over five years to support single mothers in achieving their educational goals. The initiative funds programs that offer resources like academic advising, career counseling, and financial aid.
The Washington State Business and Professional Women's Foundation Single Parent Scholarship provides $3,000 in financial assistance to single mothers in Washington State returning to college. Applicants must have at least one dependent child and demonstrate financial need.
The Patsy Takemoto Mink Education Foundation’s Education Support Award offers up to $5,000 to low-income mothers seeking education or training to improve their financial stability. Recipients can use the grant for tuition, childcare, or other essential expenses to help balance school and family responsibilities.
Grants for people of color
Some organizations offer grants to support students of color, helping to reduce financial barriers and increase access to higher education. These grants often prioritize financial need, academic achievement, and leadership potential.
For example, the United Negro College Fund (UNCF) Scholarships provide financial aid to Black students pursuing undergraduate and graduate degrees. UNCF awards over $100 million annually to students attending both Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) and other institutions.
The NAACP Scholarships support Black students who demonstrate academic excellence and financial need. They help fund education at the undergraduate and graduate levels.
The Thurgood Marshall College Fund (TMCF) provides scholarships and other support to students attending public HBCUs, law schools, and medical schools. TMCF has provided over $500 million in scholarships and other forms of support.
For Asian American and Pacific Islander students, the APIA Scholars Program offers financial aid based on need and academic merit. As the largest provider of scholarships for APIA students, the program aims to support underserved communities in achieving their higher education goals.
While it’s not a grant, Latino students can apply for the Hispanic Scholarship Fund (HSF), which awards scholarships ranging from $500 to $5,000. HSF has provided over $730 million to help Hispanic students complete their degrees.
Hardship grants for college
Unexpected financial difficulties can threaten a student’s ability to stay in school. Hardship grants provide emergency financial aid to students facing crises like medical bills, job loss, or housing instability.
For example, the UNCF also offers Emergency Student Aid (ESA), providing quick financial assistance to students experiencing unexpected hardships. ESA is available to students attending UNCF-member institutions, and funds can cover urgent expenses such as rent, medical bills, or car repairs that would otherwise disrupt their education. The average grant is $2,000.
Another example is the Student Emergency Assistance Grant at Seattle Central College. This grant provides one-time financial assistance to students facing urgent, short-term financial difficulties. This grant helps cover immediate needs, such as emergency housing, food, transportation, or other unexpected expenses. Eligibility is based on enrollment status, demonstrated financial need, and the nature of the hardship.
Additionally, the Institute of International Education (IIE) Emergency Student Fund supports international students studying in the U.S. who face financial crises due to natural disasters, conflict, or political upheaval in their home countries.
If you're experiencing financial hardship, check with your school’s financial aid office to explore more hardship grant options.
Grants for community colleges
Community college students often seek financial assistance to cover tuition, fees, and other expenses. There are grants and scholarships that support these students and make higher education more accessible.
For example, the California College Promise Grant (CCPG) waives enrollment fees for eligible California residents attending community colleges. This need-based grant also provides discounts on parking permits and health fees.
The Tennessee Promise is a last-dollar scholarship covering tuition and mandatory fees at Tennessee community and technical colleges. To qualify, students must complete eight hours of community service per term and maintain satisfactory academic progress.
The Opportunity Grant supports low-income Washington State students pursuing high-demand careers. It provides funding for up to 45 tuition credits (one year of full-time enrollment) and up to $1,000 for books and supplies.
If you're a community college student looking for grants, start with your school’s financial aid office.
List of more college grants to explore
Here are some additional grants that provide financial support for students from different backgrounds and career paths.
AANP and Education Advancement Grants – Registered nurses and nurse practitioners returning to school for a graduate degree can receive grant money to help further their education. Applicants must be members of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP).
Iraq and Afghanistan Service Grant – Students who lost a parent or guardian due to military service in Iraq or Afghanistan post-9/11 may be eligible for this grant.
Kate Allred Education Grant – Residents of Forsyth, Davidson, Davie, Stokes, Surry, Wilkes, or Yadkin counties in North Carolina can receive grant funding to support their education.
Massachusetts Public Service Grant – This grant helps undergraduate students in Massachusetts who have lost a parent or spouse in public service duty.
Montgomery GI Bill Active Duty – This program supports active-duty military members pursuing higher education, offering tuition assistance and benefits.
National Science Foundation, Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) – Undergraduate students conducting research in areas funded by the National Science Foundation can receive research funding.
Teacher Education Assistance for College and Higher Education (TEACH) Grant – Students studying in an eligible teaching program can receive up to $4,000 per year in federal financial aid. Recipients must commit to teaching in a high-need field for at least four years as a certified teacher.
Key takeaways
If you’re a student with financial need, grants can be a great way to reduce your expenses. Unlike student loans, college grants are a form of free financial aid, which means you don’t have to pay them back.
For federal grants, such as the Pell Grant, you only need to complete the FAFSA to determine eligibility. You may need to submit additional applications for state or private grants, meet specific residency or demographic requirements, and demonstrate financial need.
Remember that grants are just one type of financial aid. If you want to fully fund your college education, consider scholarships, work-study programs, and low-interest federal student loans.
Check out these additional resources for more information:
FAQ for college grants
What is a Pell Grant?
A Pell Grant is a federal grant for undergraduate students with financial need. It’s free money for college. The amount you receive depends on your FAFSA information, enrollment status, and school costs. If you qualify, it can significantly reduce your tuition expenses.
Do you pay taxes on grants for college?
Most grants are not taxable if they’re used for tuition, fees, and required course materials. However, if you use grant money for non-educational expenses (like housing or food), that portion may be taxable.
Do you have to pay back grants for college?
No. Grants are free financial aid. You don’t have to repay them. But there are exceptions. If you withdraw from school early, change enrollment status, or fail to meet eligibility requirements, you might have to return some or all of the grant money. Always read the terms carefully.
Ameer Drane is a freelance writer who specializes in writing about college admissions and career development. Prior to freelancing, Ameer worked for three years as a college admissions consultant at a Hong Kong-based education center, helping local high school students prepare and apply for top colleges and universities in the US. He has a B.A. in Latin American Studies from the University of Chicago and an M.A. in Spanish Linguistics from UCLA. When he’s not working, Ameer loves traveling, weight lifting, writing, reading, and learning foreign languages. He currently lives in Bangkok, Thailand.
Top values: Growth / Diversity / Empathy
